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Linux-Compatible Board Built Around RK3576 with 6TOPS NPU for AIoT Applications Linux-Compatible Board Built Around RK3576 with 6TOPS NPU for AIoT Applications

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Linux-Compatible Board Built Around RK3576 with 6TOPS NPU for AIoT Applications Linux-Compatible Board Built Around RK3576 with 6TOPS NPU for AIoT Applications

Jul 24, 2024 — by Giorgio Mendoza

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The Forlinx Embedded FET3576-C SoM and its carrier board are designed to meet the demands of the AIoT market, emphasizing high performance, substantial computing power, and energy efficiency. Built around the Rockchip RK3576, this hardware platform incorporates dual GbE LAN ports, PCIe support, wireless capabilities, as well as CAN and RS485 protocols.

The FET3576-C SoM by Forlinx is powered by the Rockchip RK3576, featuring a high-performance ARM configuration with four Cortex-A72 cores clocked at 2.3GHz and four Cortex-A53 cores at 2.2GHz. This module is equipped with a 6TOPS INT8 NPU that supports a wide array of data types, including INT4, INT8, INT16, FP16, BF16, and TF32 for handling complex deep learning tasks.
The NPU’s design allows it to operate in dual-core collaboration or independently, offering flexibility in resource allocation.
Additionally, the SoM includes an ARM Mali-G52 MC3 GPU and a VPU that supports hard decoding of H.264 and H.265 up to 4K at 60fps, as well as hard encoding capabilities across formats like H.264, H.265, VP9, AV1, and AVS2 at up to 8K at 30fps or 4K at 120fps.

System76 Review – Is This A Good Linux Powered Laptop?

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System76 Review – Is This A Good Linux Powered Laptop?

I have been a Linux desktop/laptop user for 9+ years. That runs the gambit, from Debian to Arch and a few stops in between. Using plane default Desktop Environments to running full on Window Managers with custom configurations. Linux has been my life-saving pastime that has gone professional. This prompted all kinds of different hardware choices based on capabilities and also the trial and error that comes from the ignorance of that. Running distributions on Dell and ThinkPad brand names with rather pleasant experiences to negative experiences running distributions on Acer and HP. This review is completely independent of outside influence due to the fact that this is not sponsored by any of the companies mentioned here.

So, is a System76 laptop worth it? Will it make a standard Windows user want to convert? During this System76 review, we will get straight to the point and let you know what is life changing and what is still the same. So we will discuss some pros and cons with no reason to shy away. The System76 Galago Pro 6 was chosen because at the time of writing this blog, it was offered with a default configuration at $899 here. Directly competing with used computers on Amazon and eBay of lesser design. So the question stood. Will the choice of hardware make a difference?

System76 First Impressions

The Galago Pro 6 has a nice form factor. Looks like a slightly older Mac, but with better IO than they have ever sported. The only marking by the company was the System76 logo on the lid. No branding tactics on the keyboard. The lid opens with one hand, making use comfortable with a solid feel. As for Pop!_OS, I have used it several times in the past. It was not for me once they came out with their Galaxy Desktop Environment. Though different, the all too familiar dock at the bottom makes it seem like a stab at the macOS ecosystem as well as the new addition of Windows 11. It is worth noting that the tiling capabilities are nice, but not anything like Sway or i3. So if those things sound good to you, then by all means leave the Pop!_OS installation on the machine. Pop!_OS can be found here.

As the operating system is actually optimized for the hardware. So for the newbie looking to convert to Linux, System76 hardware plus software is the way to go. They have really pulled out all the stops. Personally, I decided to make the move to Wayland, so i3 was out and Sway was in. This meant the software was not going to be optimized out of the box to run on the hardware. It was more an issue of battery life than anything. As one of the Linux flaws, is battery life on laptops.

My solution was going to System76’s own blog and learn about their git repositories that house the needed software with relative ease, using your favorite AUR helper. The blog can be found here. They have a guide for Arch, Fedora and Nixos. This enabled the use of Endeavour with the community addition running Sway. Using Endeavour for your first ready to use Arch installation is a very user-friendly way to go. Heck, it even goes with the space theme of Pop!_OS. Reading between the lines, you start to understand that System76 just wants you to enjoy what they have built. Otherwise, why document ways to help other operating system manage their hardware better?

Upgrades

The default configuration is usable. Specifically, if you don’t game and don’t use heavy processor hungry applications. So, it’s important to remember the form factor. Most upgrades are very easy to do on your own. But one very important thing that will not be upgradable and will limit the length of time the laptop will be useful, is the chipset. Being the CPU/GPU. As far as we are aware, like most laptops, they are soldered in. So just get the best option from the get go. The ram is upgradable up to 64gb. This is something you can put in yourself, as the markup does not follow the labor. RAM cost twice as much to purchase as an option, rather than to source it yourself. The NVMe drives they offer seem fair. They also offer so much support that it is refreshing to see.

Here you can see where the RAM is located with the top pointer. The bottom pointer shows the NVMe drive location. Both are in prime locations to access for repairs if needed. This is because System76 is a big supporter of right-to-repair. This is great for the life of your laptop. The best part is they actually offer up to 3 years support with upgrades while purchasing. Making it friendly for those that do not know anything about hardware. You can also see that they have beautiful, huge fans with equally wonderful copper heat pipes. This is a great thing. The battery is internal, but you can access it just as easy as everything else. It is so easy, all the screws are the same size Philips head screwdriver. No super-duper proprietary star drive. So great job on access and repair-ability System76! In fact, you can go see the specifications page here.

Software

Pop!_OS comes with all kinds of optimizations. So if you’re a newbie or like the aesthetic, then Pop!_OS is exactly what you are looking for. This would be a short section if Pop!_OS is what was chosen. Endeavour is an operating system that has many Desktop Environments right out of the box when installing the distribution. We also have a blog about it written by my fellow author/editor Christian that can be found here. So we will only go over what was done to get the hardware working well. As stated before, the System76 blog was used to install the needed software to make the fans act right, as well as the power management in general.

yay -S system76-firmware-daemon system76-firmware firmware-manager system76-power gnome-shell-extension-system76-power-git system76-driver system76-dkms system76-acpi-dkms

We used the YAY AUR helper this time, as apposed to the Paru helper, simply because it’s already installed on Endeavour. No need to bloat things. These packages are also available on GitHub, so you can audit them or even try to learn from their work to improve your system. Just depends how hands-on you are.

Look & Feel

As stated before, the Galago Pro 6 looks like an older MacBook that is not IO anemic. You don’t need hundreds of dollars just to charge something and plug things in at the same time. Yeah, we are talking about you, Apple. The weight is very nice and solid like a good well-balanced gun, ready to blow your mind. You can handle the lid with one hand. The System76 keyboard feels bigger and springier than it should honestly be able to produce in this form factor. Coming from a ThinkPad, I really wanted the keyboard to be legit, and it is. Complete with variable back lit keys. Only available in white as it is the base laptop model they offer. No gamer rainbows here. Even if it would be a nice distraction.

The mouse pad is huge, twice the size of my last trackpad. The ThinkPad buttons and mid-keyboard precision control are badly missed. But this is not an HP clone of a clone here. With a mat finish screen, you will not have any glare whatsoever. The screen almost takes up the whole thing, with smaller bevies on the top and sides. But there is a bit of a chin. Got to put the tech somewhere, right.

Closing

As for things that are still needing work. The battery life is way better with their optimizations then without. In fact, the fan behaves much better. There is also the fact that all this screen and back lit keyboard takes power. Not to forget, a nice CPU/GPU will always eat some power. So a gripe, not a fail. As for other typical grips like cooling, the fans kept the chipset cool even when the lid was closed during charging. This is an improvement over the stock Endeavour fan drivers that had the laptop waiting to throttle fans on when temps were nearing mid to high temps. So you would then get a loud, distracting fan noise. The System76 firmware/software is a must.

This was a very enjoyable experience. The use of Endeavour/Sway saved me so much time. There was a minimal learning curve with the change from i3. If you enjoyed this review, please let us know in the comments so that we can continue to make that content you crave. The laptop is a real game changer that we can recommend. Thanks for reading.

Monitoring a Remote Centos 6 server with Nagios core

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The Linux Juggernaut

IntroductionIn our earlier articles on nagios we explained in detail how to install nagios core on the centos 6 system and configure it. In this article we will explain step by step how to monitor a remote machine with nagios core.Prerequisites:We will be installing the packages required for configuring nagios on a client machine using the EPEL repository therefore it must be enabled on the system. Please go through our article on how to enable the EPEL repository if you are unfamiliar about how to do so.Install NRPE and nagios pluginsNow we will install the nrpe package along with nagios plugins using yum.[ssuri@nagios-client:~] $ sudo yum install nrpe nagios-plugins-all
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is receiving updates from RHN Classic or RHN Satellite.
Setting up Install Process
————————————output truncated for brevity
Installed:
nagios-plugins-all.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6

Dependency Installed:
fping.x86_64 0:2.4b2-10.el6 lgtonmc.x86_64 0:9.2.1.2-1 lm_sensors.x86_64 0:3.1.1-17.el6
nagios-plugins.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-breeze.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-by_ssh.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-cluster.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-dhcp.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-dig.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-disk.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-disk_smb.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-dns.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-dummy.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-file_age.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-flexlm.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-fping.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-game.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-hpjd.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-http.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-icmp.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-ide_smart.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-ircd.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-ldap.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-load.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-log.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-mailq.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-mrtg.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-mrtgtraf.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-mysql.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-nagios.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-nt.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-ntp.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-ntp-perl.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-nwstat.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-oracle.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-overcr.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-perl.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-pgsql.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-ping.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-procs.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-real.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-rpc.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-sensors.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-smtp.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-snmp.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-ssh.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-swap.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-tcp.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-time.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-ups.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 nagios-plugins-users.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6
nagios-plugins-wave.x86_64 0:2.2.1-4git.el6 qstat.x86_64 0:2.11-9.20080912svn311.el6Modify nrpe.cfg file:Now that we have installed nrpe we need to tell nrpe the IP address of our nagios server so that nrpe allows active checks from it. For this we modify the allowed_hosts directive in the nrpe.cfg file which is generally located at the path /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg.[ssuri@nagios-client:~] $ grep allowed_hosts /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg
allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1, 192.168.87.134
[ssuri@nagios-client:~] $Restart NRPE to put the change made in the nrpe.cfg file into effect and also enable the service to start on reboot.sudo systemctl start nrpe.service
sudo systemctl enable nrpe.serviceCreate a configuration file for the client on the nagios core server:On our Nagios server, we will create a new configuration file for the remote host on which we installed nrpe and nagios plugins. We are creating our host configuration file in the directory /nagiosap/objects/servers. You could create configuration files for the remote hosts that you would like to monitor in a directory of your choice. Just be sure to mention it in the nagios.cfg file so that nagios is aware of the locations. Add in the following host definition, replacing the host_name value with your remote hostname, the alias value with a description of the host and the address value with the private IP address of the remote host.We’ve named the file as nagios-client.cfg and added the below content in the file.define host {
use linux-server
host_name nagios-client
alias nagios-client Lab server
address 10.22.128.28
contact_groups admins
max_check_attempts 5
check_period 24×7
notification_interval 30
notification_period 24×7
}What we defined above is referred to as a host definition. With the configuration file above, Nagios will only monitor if the host is up or down. In order to monitor any service on the remote host we need to add service definitions. We’ve added service definitions for the ping and SSH service in our host configuration file.define service {
use generic-service
host_name nagios-client
service_description PING
check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!500.0,60%
}

define service {
use generic-service
host_name nagios-client
service_description SSH
check_command check_ssh
notifications_enabled 0
}The value of check_command determines what will be monitored, including status threshold values.  We will discus host and service definitions in greater detail in a separate article.After this reload the nagios service.sudo systemctl reload nagios.serviceNow we should be able to see the newly added node in nagios web interface. ConclusionThis concludes our discussion on how to add a host to be monitored by nagios. Please note that what we’ve shown here is a very basic client configuration setup. We would be discussing remote host monitoring in greater detail in future articles. Post Views: 1,888The following two tabs change content below.He started his career in IT in 2011 as a system administrator. He has since worked with HP-UX, Solaris and Linux operating systems along with exposure to high availability and virtualization solutions. He has a keen interest in shell, Python and Perl scripting and is learning the ropes on AWS cloud, DevOps tools, and methodologies. He enjoys sharing the knowledge he’s gained over the years with the rest of the community.

How much does website hosting cost?

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Affordable VPS Hosting: How Much Does Website Hosting Cost

Understanding what constitutes affordable VPS hosting is crucial for small business owners as it is an ongoing mandatory cost. VPS hosting stands out as a versatile option, offering a balance between cost-efficiency and robust performance. It provides a dedicated slice of a server’s resources within a virtualized environment. This middle ground between dedicated and shared hosting ensures your website can leverage high levels of performance and security without the steep investment typically associated with dedicated servers.
With a range of web hosting services available, it’s essential to compare web hosting pricing carefully. Many providers offer a money-back guarantee or free trial, allowing you the flexibility to evaluate their services directly. This helps ensure that they meet your specific needs before committing. However, keep an eye out for any price change at renewal tactics which are prominent in the hosting industry.

How much does website hosting website hosting cost?
Three hosting options are the most common. Hobby and test sites typically use shared hosting, the cheapest option, which comes with plenty of drawbacks. Chief amongst them is that you share the server with many other individuals. Any one website can have a negative performance impact on all of the others. Enterprises and large businesses typically require dedicated hosting. You get a server that is entirely yours to use, but the costs are substantially higher. Between those two, lie Virtual Private Servers (VPS), which are the ideal entry point for most businesses and serious websites. While you don’t pay dedicated server prices, you receive dedicated resources like CPU cores, storage, and RAM. These are exclusively yours to use. This substantially increases your hosting stability and security.
The cost of VPS hosting generally ranges from $20 to $100 per month as an entry point. This can depend heavily on the specific configuration and features you choose. This is in contrast to shared web hosting, which can be as low as under $10 per month. Dedicated hosting usually starts at around $100 per month and goes into the thousands. Bear in mind that these are typical renewal costs. This is the price you’ll pay after any promotional deals end and is the price you should look at. We worked hard to ensure LinuxCloudVPS is the most affordable VPS hosting available, starting at only $5.99.
Affordable VPS hosting hidden fees and price changes
Beyond the typical hidden fee mechanics that are commonplace in many industries, hosting providers may have another nasty surprise. Different prices at renewal!
Many providers will advertise “web hosting” at $2.95 or $0.99 per month, though you’ll always note a “renews at” price. As an example, a hosting provider may offer you a 90% discount on a $19.99 VPS if you pre-pay for a year. This means that you’ll pay $23.99 upfront for the first year, along with any additional hidden fees for transfer or setups, and have your entry-tier hosting. Twelve months later, when you’ve completely forgotten about it, you will receive a surprise bill of $239.88 on your card, locking you in for another year. That is, of course, unless the hosting provider raises their prices, in which case they will include and pre-charge you for 12 months again.
To some businesses, this still may be pocket change, though VPS prices can go into the hundreds of dollars. Additionally, some discount deals require prepayment for up to 48 months. Multiplying that 48 with a reversal of a 90% discount is a surprise anyone is seldom ready for.
As such, be sure to first and foremost look at renewal prices, and hidden fees before comparing affordable VPS hosting options. What seems cheaper at the start may end up costing you an arm and a leg, with a ton of hair-pulling down the line.
Key Factors Influencing VPS Hosting Costs
Understanding the factors that influence VPS hosting costs is crucial for making informed decisions. Here are the primary elements that determine how much you might pay for VPS hosting:
VPS Support and Resources

Type of Support: The choice between managed and unmanaged VPS hosting significantly affects pricing. Managed hosting includes server management and support, naturally costing more due to the additional services provided.
Resources: The requirements for CPU cores, RAM, storage space, and bandwidth directly impact costs. More resource-intensive websites require higher specifications, leading to higher costs. Also, note the resources that you use. NVMe SSD is far superior to standard SSDs. New-generation CPUs are much quicker than older ones.

Plan Length and Features

Plans Duration: VPS hosting providers may vary their pricing based on the plan’s duration. Longer-term prepaid plans can come with discounts, compared to month-to-month plans.
Additional Features: Each hosting provider includes or excludes certain features like backups, added security, and server maintenance. Add-ons like free SSL certificates, domain privacy, and free transfers.
The Fineprint: Despite often offering features such as “free transfers”, the fine print might stipulate that this only applies to one site during your initial month. Review these carefully!

By considering these factors, you can better understand the true costs associated with any VPS hosting and choose a plan catered to your needs.
Comparing Managed vs. Unmanaged VPS
When deciding between managed and unmanaged VPS hosting, it’s essential to consider your technical expertise and the amount of time you can dedicate to server management. Managed VPS hosting, while more costly, offers significant advantages for those who may not have the technical skills or time to handle server administration. Services typically included are automatic updates, security patches, and 24/7 technical support, ensuring high performance and security.
On the other hand, unmanaged VPS hosting is more budget-friendly and gives you complete control over the server setup. This option is suitable if you possess the necessary technical skills to manage and configure the server, including security updates and system optimization. However, it requires a substantial time investment and a good understanding of server technology.
Both hosting types have their merits, and your choice should align with your business needs, technical ability, and budget. Managed VPS is ideal for businesses looking for a hassle-free solution, while unmanaged VPS suits those who prefer hands-on control and customization of their server environment looking for a more affordable VPS hosting solution.
Choosing the Right VPS Hosting Plan
When selecting the ideal VPS hosting plan, assess your business’s specific needs to ensure optimal server performance and cost-efficiency. Start by analyzing your website’s current demands and anticipated growth. Evaluate traffic levels, the type of tasks your website performs, and the expected increase in content and user base. For businesses without in-house IT expertise, managed VPS hosting or per-incident server management support are two elegant solutions.

Evaluate Your Technical Requirements: Determine the amount of RAM necessary to handle your website’s traffic without slowdowns, especially during peak times. Choose a CPU that can handle your site’s workload. Consider the storage needs based on your website’s size and the volume of data you expect to process and store. Opt for a hosting plan with the flexibility to adjust these resources as your business scales.
Security and Uptime Guarantees: Prioritize VPS providers that offer robust security features, including firewalls, SSL certificates, and regular backups. High server uptime is crucial; look for a 99.9% uptime guarantee or higher. This ensures that your website remains accessible to users with minimal downtime.
Cost and Scalability: Compare different VPS hosting plans to find one that fits your budget while still offering the best value in terms of features and scalability. Check for any hidden costs like renewal fees or charges for additional services.
Hidden Caveats: Can a VPS host multiple websites, and if so, how many? A VPS can host multiple websites, with no upper limit on the number of sites. The actual capacity varies based on the resources allocated to the VPS and the requirements of the websites it hosts.”.

By considering these factors, you can choose affordable VPS hosting that not only meets your current requirements but also supports future business growth without unnecessary expenditures.

How to Install Jenkins on Ubuntu 24.04 Step-by-Step

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How to Install Jenkins on Ubuntu 24.04 Step-by-Step

In this blog post, we will explain how to install Jenkins on Ubuntu 24.04 step-by-step.Jenkins is an open-source automation server widely used for continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD) in software development. Jenkins offers user friendly Interface which allows to create Jobs and pipelines to simplify the process of building, testing, and deploying code.PrerequisitesPre-Install Ubuntu 22.04Non-root user with sudo privilegesAt least 2GB RAM or more40 GB disk spaceInternet ConnectivityWithout much fuss , let’s deep dive into Jenkins installation steps on Ubuntu 24.04.1) Install JavaJenkins is a Java based application, so we recommend to install OpenJDK 17 for latest and stable Jenkins. Open the terminal and run following commands.$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install fontconfig openjdk-17-jre -yOnce the java is installed on your system, run beneath command to its version$ java –versionPerfect! We now have OpenJDK installed. We can now proceed.2) Add Jenkins APT RepositoryThe default apt repositories of Ubuntu 24.04 does not have Jenkins package, so for its installation add APT repository using following set of commands.$ sudo wget -O /usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc \
https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable/jenkins.io-2023.key

$ echo “deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/jenkins-keyring.asc]” \
https://pkg.jenkins.io/debian-stable binary/ | sudo tee \
/etc/apt/sources.list.d/jenkins.list > /dev/null3) Install Jenkins on Ubuntu 24.04As all prerequisites are met, so we are good to proceed with Jenkins installation. Execute following apt commands.$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install jenkins -yOnce the installation is complete, Jenkins should start automatically. To confirm this, run the command:$ systemctl status jenkinsIf by any chance Jenkins is not running, execute the following command to start it.$ sudo systemctl start jenkins3) Configure Firewall Rules for JenkinsAs we have seen, Jenkins natively listens on port 8080, and if you have installed Jenkins on a server with UFW enabled, you need to open that port to allow traffic.To enable firewall on Ubuntu 24.04, run$ sudo ufw enableTo allow port 8080 in ufw firewall, run the command:$ sudo ufw allow 8080/tcpThen reload the firewall to effect the changes.$ sudo ufw reloadTo confirm that port 8080 is open on the firewall, execute the command:$ sudo ufw statusFrom the output, we can clearly see that Port 8080 has been opened on the system.4) Finish Jenkins Initial SetupWe are almost done now. The only thing remaining is to finish Jenkins initial setup using web interface. So, head over to the URL bar and browse your server’s address as shown:http://<Ubuntu-System-IP>:8080To check your server’s IP address, use the ip command.You will get the page similar to what we have below prompting you to provide the Administrator’s password. As per the instructions, the password is located in the file:/var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPasswordTo view the password, use the cat command as shown:$ sudo cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPasswordCopy the password and paste it in the text field shown and click the “Continue” button.In the next step, select ‘Install suggested plugin‘ for simplicity’s sake.Thereafter, the installation of the necessary plugin required by Jenkins will commence.When the installation of plugins is complete, the installer will take you to the next section where you will be required to create an Admin user and click on the ‘Save and Continue’ button.The next step will populate the default URL for your Jenkin’s instance. No action is required, simply click ‘Save and Finish’.Finally, click on the ‘Start using Jenkins’ button to gain access to Jenkins dashboard.This ushers you to Jenkin’s dashboard as shown.5) Test Jenkins InstallationIn order to test Jenkins installation, let’s create a demo job as shown below,That’s all from this post, we believe you have found it informative and useful. Feel free to post your queries and feedback in below comment section.Also Read : How to Install Jenkins on RHEL 9/8 (Simple Guide)

Rilasciato VirtualBox 7.1 Beta – Aggregatore GNU/Linux e dintorni

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VirtualBox 7.1 Beta

Oracle ha recentemente rilasciato la versione beta del prossimo VirtualBox 7.1, un software di virtualizzazione open source e multi-piattaforma. VirtualBox 7.1 Beta consente agli utenti di eseguire più sistemi operativi contemporaneamente su un singolo computer, il che è particolarmente utile per sviluppatori, amministratori IT e appassionati di tecnologia che hanno bisogno di testare software in ambienti diversi senza bisogno di hardware dedicato per ciascun sistema operativo.

In rete VirtualBox 7.1 Beta sta suscitando molto interesse quindi vediamo cosa porta di nuovo e di interessante.

Supporto per Wayland

Una delle novità più importanti di VirtualBox 7.1 Beta è il supporto per Wayland. Wayland è un protocollo di visualizzazione moderno che offre un’esperienza grafica più efficiente e sicura rispetto al vecchio sistema X Window (X11). Il supporto di Wayland in VirtualBox 7.1 Beta significa che gli utenti possono ora condividere gli appunti tra guest e host Linux utilizzando Wayland, migliorando la facilità d’uso e l’efficienza.

Interfaccia utente modernizzata

La nuova versione VirtualBox 7.1 Beta introduce anche un’interfaccia utente basata su Qt 6. Questa moderna GUI offre 2 diverse modalità utente: una modalità base per principianti con funzionalità semplificate e una modalità avanzata per utenti esperti con funzionalità complete. Ciò fornisce una migliore esperienza utente e accessibilità per tutti i livelli di utenti.

Nuovo motore NAT con supporto IPv6

Un’altra importante novità in VirtualBox 7.1 Beta è un motore NAT aggiornato che ora supporta IPv6. Ciò significa funzionalità di rete migliorate e protezione futura, poiché IPv6 è l’ultima versione del protocollo Internet che offre più indirizzi IP e una maggiore sicurezza rispetto a IPv4.

Virtualizzazione ARM e altri miglioramenti

VirtualBox 7.1 Beta introduce anche la virtualizzazione ARM per macchine virtuali Linux e BSD su host macOS/ARM. Ciò significa che gli utenti con Mac basati su ARM possono ora eseguire questi sistemi operativi in ​​modo efficace in un ambiente virtuale.

Oracle Cloud Infrastructure aggiornato

L’infrastruttura Oracle Cloud (OCI) aggiornata offre nuove funzionalità come la clonazione e il ripristino delle istanze di calcolo, nonché il supporto per un dashboard delle prestazioni che mostra l’utilizzo delle risorse delle macchine virtuali locali. Ciò offre agli utenti un migliore controllo e visibilità sulle risorse della propria macchina virtuale.

Registrazione dello schermo migliorata e integrazione del desktop remoto

In VirtualBox 7.1 Beta le prestazioni della funzione di registrazione dello schermo sono state migliorate su tutte le piattaforme, consentendo registrazioni più fluide. Inoltre, l’integrazione del desktop remoto è stata aggiornata per supportare TLS con un certificato autofirmato. Se l’utente dimentica di configurare TLS con i propri certificati, viene emesso un nuovo certificato autofirmato prima della scadenza di quello vecchio.

Riepilogo

La versione VirtualBox 7.1 Beta offre molte nuove funzionalità e miglioramenti che rendono la virtualizzazione più semplice e potente per gli utenti. La nuova versione può essere scaricata per essere testata, ma è importante ricordare che si tratta di una versione di anteprima e non deve essere utilizzata in ambienti di produzione. Per ulteriori informazioni sulle nuove funzionalità, è possibile leggere il registro delle modifiche nella pagina degli annunci del forum.

Coloro che sono impazienti di provare VirtualBox 7.1 Beta possono scaricare i file di installazione da qui.

Fonte: https://forums.virtualbox.org/viewtopic.php?t=111988Fonte: https://www.phoronix.com/news/VirtualBox-7.1-BetaFonte: https://linuxiac.com/what-to-expect-from-virtualbox-7-1/Fonte: https://9to5linux.com/virtualbox-7-1-promises-wayland-support-for-clipboard-sharing-on-linuxFonte: https://www.linux.se/virtualbox-7-1-beta-slappt-med-stod-wayland/
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New mirror in India – SparkyLinux

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SparkyLinux

There is a new package and ISO mirror available for Sparkers:
– India IN1
This mirror is provided by the Astian, Inc. organization:https://sparkylinux.org/partners/Thanks a lot!
Mirrors configuration can be found at our Wiki:https://wiki.sparkylinux.org/doku.php/mirrors
Make sure, the Singapore2 SI2 mirror is deleted so if you been using it, simply switch to Singapore1 SI1 mirror now.
We invite companies and organizations that would like to support our project and join the group of SparkyLinux sponsors.

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Unveiling the Synergy Between Web Hosting and Cybersecurity Through Open Source

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dedicated servers security

Websites are becoming the first, preferred, and sometimes only means of information for people increasingly relying on the internet to learn about and interact with the world. From lofty concepts to digital storefronts, leaving an impression means building a memorable, intuitive, and secure website. Ordinary users might not pay much attention to the security aspect. Still, the pretty facades would easily crumble without it.
Intertwining cybersecurity concepts and tools with hosting practices is integral for creating and maintaining safe and successful websites. This article touches on various protective measures that secure the sites themselves, their environment, and the data they may process. Open-source developments advance this relationship. Read on to learn how.

SSL/TLS Encryption
Guaranteed privacy and data security is the cornerstone of any trustworthy website. Web hosts provide it by implementing certification. Certificates like SSL and TLS facilitate the encryption and safeguarding of sensitive data like login details and payment information.
The original SSL or Secure Socket Layer protocol was originally a proprietary technology. However, its evolution and subsequent introduction of Transport Layer Security or TLS created a new, open-source standard.
Today, the majority of hosted websites use OpenSSL, a more advanced communication security and encryption protocol. Its open-source nature means the code is transparent. Anyone with the knowledge and willingness to further website security can contribute.
Web Application Firewall (WAF)
Protecting user data is vital, but it’s only part of a comprehensive web-hosting cybersecurity strategy. There are still attacks like SQL injections and cross-site scripting to be wary of, and that’s where WAFs come in.
Web Application Firewalls behave like reverse proxies. They monitor and identify incoming traffic, letting normal visitors and requests through while stopping actions that could harm the website’s integrity or operation. They prevent session hijacking and brute force attacks and can also detect when a DDoS attack is taking place.
Adopting an open-source WAF has several advantages. They’re usually free, which cuts hosting costs. The best WAFs stay up-to-date and have dedicated communities that promptly provide fixes for emerging threats. Lastly, open-source WAFs outperform proprietary solutions when it comes to customizability and breadth of features while preventing vendor lock-in.
DDoS Protection
Low cybersecurity hygiene among ordinary users and the explosion of connected devices pose another risk. It’s easy to infect an unprotected device or system and direct swarms of them called botnets to carry out attacks. Such botnets can overwhelm a website with requests, preventing access for legitimate visitors.
It’s possible to thwart Distributed Denial of Service attacks through a combination of measures. Firewalls will block some traffic, but dedicated intrusion prevention systems are better. They use rulesets to identify and mitigate DDoS attacks during execution and log the incidents.
Load balancers are another cornerstone of DDoS protection as they help distribute excessive traffic to multiple servers or server instances, preventing the attack from overwhelming any one of them.
While not directly involved, VPNs can also help mitigate DDoS threats. And many ask, what does a VPN hide? It hides your IP, and by doing that, it can redirect traffic toward dedicated DDoS protection services. Moreover, routing a website’s traffic through a VPN can trick bad actors into launching attacks on the provided IP address, leaving the original unharmed.
Antivirus and Anti-Malware
We’ve explored threats that target user data and internet traffic. However, addressing these may still leave the server infrastructure that houses a website vulnerable. Shared hosting is especially risky since individual website owners don’t have control over what data other users store or accidentally download onto a server.
Antivirus and anti-malware prevent any malicious code that makes it past firewalls and other protections from doing more harm. They’ll identify and quarantine a wide and rapidly growing variety of viruses, Trojans, and worms before they multiply and spread from one server to the entire network infrastructure.
VPN
Whenever virtual private networks come up, people assume they’re only useful for protecting individuals’ privacy or at the enterprise level for encrypting sensitive communication and data. However, they may strengthen a hosting provider’s cybersecurity posture as well.
DDoS attack mitigation is only one way they can help. VPNs are even more useful whenever administrators are accessing or altering a website’s contents. Their encrypted connection negates eavesdropping and man-in-the-middle attacks, preventing bad actors from trying to alter a website’s contents or stealing sensitive information only administrators can access.
Some VPNs have additional features you can notice in the VPN comparison table – one of these great features is IP whitelisting. This is another impactful security measure that limits access to a website to specific accredited devices. It’s essential for development and testing purposes but also useful for strict access control for private websites.
Conclusion
Securing a website is a multi-faceted effort reaching beyond code optimization and data encryption. It requires an ecosystem of best practices, third-party solutions, and constant innovation to stay ahead of the evolving threat landscape. Some staples of the cybersecurity industry remain vital, but their open-source alternatives blaze the trail and find clever solutions to unconventional dangers more often than not.

Helm commands cheat sheet – UX Techno

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This article will explain you about helm commands along with commonly used options. You may treat this article as helm commands cheat sheet. I have explained widely used helm version 2 command in this article.

In case you want to learn about  how to install helm version please follow this article.
So here the helm commands cheat sheet list for quick go through:

In case you want any help on command available with helm.
# helm help

Lets suppose you want more details about any command option you can use helm help <command> as below. Here in the below case we taken help on search command:
# helm help search

In case you want to search for any chart you can helm search command for the same.
# helm search phpmyadmin
NAME CHART VERSION APP VERSION DESCRIPTION
stable/phpmyadmin 4.3.5 5.0.1 DEPRECATED phpMyAdmin is an mysql administration frontend

In case you don’t want to install the helm chart however you just want to download the chart locally then use helm along with fetch option followed by chart name as below. It will download all chart and template files in the current directory.
# helm fetch stable/phpmyadmin
# ls -ltr
total 32
-rw-r–r– 1 root root 28921 Jun 29 11:04 phpmyadmin-4.3.5.tgz
#

If you want to install helm chart use install option followed by chart name . You can user –values option in case you want to use your own values.yaml file. In case you want to give it name to the deployed chart use –name option as below also chart version could be specified using –version option as below:
# helm install stable/phpmyadmin –name myphpadmin –version 4.3.3

The above command also gives overview of the resources deployed by helm in the output. In case you want to check it from the kubernetes front use below command:
# kubectl get all |grep -i myphpadmin
pod/myphpadmin-phpmyadmin-76966d4fd-wvf7l 0/1 Running 1 79s
service/myphpadmin-phpmyadmin ClusterIP 10.99.151.168 <none> 80/TCP 80s
deployment.apps/myphpadmin-phpmyadmin 0/1 1 0 79s
replicaset.apps/myphpadmin-phpmyadmin-76966d4fd 1 1 0 79s
#

This command will give the curent status of the chart installation. You need to give the name of the chart which is being used in the helm install command as below:
# helm status myphpadmin

To list down currently deployed chart use helm list command.
# helm list
NAME REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION NAMESPACE
myphpadmin 1 Mon Jun 29 11:35:32 2020 DEPLOYED phpmyadmin-4.3.3 5.0.1 default
#

In case you want to upgrade the current version of helm chart, use upgrade command. In our helm install example we installed version 4.3.3 now we will upgrading the chart to 4.3.4 version using below command.
# helm upgrade myphpadmin stable/phpmyadmin –version 4.3.4

To check the history of the chart installed use command helm history followed by chartname.
# helm history myphpadmin
REVISION UPDATED STATUS CHART APP VERSION DESCRIPTION
1 Mon Jun 29 11:35:32 2020 SUPERSEDED phpmyadmin-4.3.3 5.0.1 Install complete
2 Mon Jun 29 11:53:48 2020 DEPLOYED phpmyadmin-4.3.4 5.0.1 Upgrade complete
#

In case you are not happy with upgraded version and you want to rollback to previous version use helm rollback  along with revision number as below:
# helm rollback myphpadmin 1
Rollback was a success.
#

To delete the installed chart use helm delete command as below:
# helm delete myphpadmin
release “myphpadmin” deleted
#

To list down currently used repositories use helm repo list command.
# helm repo list
NAME URL
stable https://kubernetes-charts.storage.googleapis.com
local http://127.0.0.1:8879/charts
#

To update repositories use helm repo update command.
# helm repo update
Hang tight while we grab the latest from your chart repositories…
…Skip local chart repository
…Successfully got an update from the “stable” chart repository
Update Complete.
#

If you want to uninstall the tiller component use command  helm reset along with option “–remove-helm-home” in case you want to remove the home directory of the helm. Also -f option to do it forcefully.
# helm reset -f –remove-helm-home
Deleting /root/.helm
Tiller (the Helm server-side component) has been uninstalled from your Kubernetes Cluster.
#

To explore more commands follow this link.
 

16 RECOMMENDED THINGS TO DO AFTER INSTALLING UBUNTU 16.04 LTS

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16 RECOMMENDED THINGS TO DO AFTER INSTALLING UBUNTU 16.04 LTS

16 RECOMMENDED THINGS TO DO AFTER INSTALLING UBUNTU 16.04 LTS

Introduction
In this guide I will show you 16 recommended things to do after a fresh installation of Ubuntu 16.04 (LTS). We all know that Ubuntu is one of the most popular Linux distribution among all Linux distros and one of my personal favorite. The best advantages of Ubuntu operating system is it’s completely user friendly, Customizable and easily understandable.

Ubuntu 16.04 LTS workstation version has been proved as a best desktop version operating system and millions of people uses on their personal computers. We normally uses the personal computer for Learning, watching movies, listening music and so many other things. By keep that on mind here I bring 16 recommended things which you suppose to do after a fresh installation of Ubuntu 16.04. So let’s get started.
1. Change your Computer Name
As a first step you should change the name of your computer. Computer name is nothing but a identity of your computer. You can choose any name as your computer name. To change the computer name you have to run a command on terminal which I will show you below.

To check your current Hostname run the below command.

elinuxbook@helpdesk:~$ hostnamectl
Static hostname: helpdesk —> Current Hostname
Icon name: computer-vm
Chassis: vm
Machine ID: 4f9998bc403741bfbc63d3b32aa21448
Boot ID: 81007bbbffc14e7bbba89b5dc1d146a7
Virtualization: vmware
Operating System: Ubuntu 16.04.2 LTS
Kernel: Linux 4.13.0-32-generic
Architecture: x86-64

Now to change the Hostname you have to use the command hostnamectl. Refer the command below.

elinuxbook@helpdesk:~$ hostnamectl set-hostname mylaptop —> Change Hostname




After execute the above command once reboot the system take effect.

2. Change Wallpaper of Ubuntu 16.04
You can choose any wallpaper for your Desktop. Follow the below step to change the wallpaper.
Right Click on Desktop and click on Change Desktop Background.

SELECT CHANGE DESKTOP BACKGROUND

Here Select the wallpaper that you want to set as your Desktop Background.

CHOOSE BACKGROUND IMAGE

3. Configure Network Settings (IP Address)
This is one of the mandatory setting. If you are getting IP Address automatically from DHCP server then you can leave this as optional but for manual IP configuration You can follow the below step.

Edit the /etc/network/interfaces configuration file and enter below shown lines (Highlighted in Red color)
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces

# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

auto ens33
iface ens33 inet static
address 192.168.1.10
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.1.0
broadcast 192.168.1.255
gateway 192.168.1.1

Then restart the Networking service using below command to take effect.
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ /etc/init.d/networking restart

4. Configure DNS client
Configuring DNS client address is quiet simple in Ubuntu 16.04. To do so you just have to edit the /etc/resolv.conf configuration file. So follow the below step.Step : 1 Edit the /etc/resolv.conf file using your preferred text editor. Here I am using nano.

elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ nano /etc/resolv.conf

Step : 2 Then Enter your Name Server IP address provided by Internet Service Provider (ISP). Refer the snapshot below.

CONFIGURE DNS CLIENT

5. System Cleaner to keep the system clean (Recommended)
Having a System Cleaner on your system is always a good thing. We uses Internet on our system on daily basis for our work or for entertainment purpose. Internet stores unwanted Temp Internet files, Cookies and so many other things which will unnecessarily use your harddisk space and may make your system slow. To avoid such issue you can use the system cleaner application to clean all of them time to time.

We recommend you to install Bleachbit system cleaner utility. It’s an nice alternative to CCleaner. To install the same follow the below steps.
Step : 1 Click on below button to download the Bleachbit system cleaner utility package from it’s official website.
Click HERE to Download

Step :  2 After downloading the package follow the below command to install the same.
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update

elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ dpkg -i bleachbit_1.12_all_ubuntu1604.deb

Follow the below Link for step by step installation steps : 

6. Install Unity Tweak Tool
Unity Tweak Tool is useful to customize the Theme, Icon, Cursors, Fonts, Launcher and so many other things. Follow the below steps to install Unity Tweak Tool in Ubuntu 16.04.

elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool

7. Install Theme & Icon for Ubuntu 16.04
You can change the theme of your newly installed Ubuntu operating system and install different themes for your icons to make it more attractive. I recommend your install Numix Theme & Numix Circle Icon theme. To install so follow the below steps.
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:numix/ppa
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install numix-icon-theme-circle
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install numix-gtk-theme

For step by step Installation steps refer the below Link : 

8. Install Media player for playing Movies & Music (Recommended)
Everyone loves to watch movies & listen music. For that you need a media player which supports all kind of video and audio formats. There are so many media players are available on internet but not all media player supports all formats. I would recommend you to install VLC media player. It’s an popular media player just because it supports all kind of media format. Hence It’s also referred as Universal Player. To install the VLC media player follow the below steps : 

elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install vlc

For Redhat/CentOS : 
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install epel-release
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -Uvh http://li.nux.ro/download/nux/dextop/el6/x86_64/nux-dextop-release-0-2.el6.nux.noarch.rpm
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install vlc

9. Install Image Viewer & Editor
Whenever we go for a trip or attends some function, our first priority is taking photos to keep that moment as a memory. To view all captured pics you needs to be install a Photo Viewer or a Photo editor on your system. In this case GIMP is one of the best application among all others. So follow the below steps to install GIMP Photo editor in Ubuntu 16.04
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install gimp

10. Install Social Media Application
Now a days everyone wants to be available on Social Media to stay connected with friends and families, share posts, images and so on. Twitter is one of the most popular and old social media platform and billions of people around the world using it. There is a app called Mikutter is a Twitter client. You can install it on your Ubuntu 16.04 operating system. So to install the same follow the below steps : 

elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install mikutter

11. Install Cloud Storage Application
If you want access your Important data from anywhere and anytime securely the Cloud storage is for you. There are so many cloud storage applications are available on Internet. But we recommend you to install Dropbox. To install the same follow the below steps.
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~/myapps$ wget https://linux.dropbox.com/packages/ubuntu/dropbox_2015.10.28_amd64.deb
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~/myapps$ sudo apt-get update
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~/myapps$ sudo dpkg -i dropbox_2015.10.28_amd64.deb

 12. Install Wine for Microsoft Windows applications
This step is optional. But if you are fan of Microsoft Windows supported applications and want to install it on your Ubuntu 16.04 operating system then you have to install that through an application called Wine. Hence follow the below steps to install the same : 
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo dpkg –add-architecture i386
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ wget https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/Release.key
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-key add Release.key
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-add-repository https://dl.winehq.org/wine-builds/ubuntu/
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install –install-recommends winehq-stable

For step by step installation you can refer the below Link : 

13. Install Java application (Recommended)
Today Java is available everywhere whether it’s website, application or something else. There are 99% of website’s we are surfing daily on Internet uses Java. Java based applications will not work on your system if you have not installed Java plugins and Java client application. So It’s an mandatory part. Hence to install the Java in Ubuntu 16.04 follow the below steps : 
helpdesk@ubuntu:~$ sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
helpdesk@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update
helpdesk@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install oracle-java9-installer

14. Install CD/DVD burning application
To Burn data, Movies and something else you need a CD/DVD burning application to be installed on your system. As we all know that Nero Burning Tool is popular in this case. So follow the below steps to install Nero in Ubuntu 16.04.
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~/myapp$ wget http://ftp14.deu.nero.com/PUB/27a623704f263a21d060af280bfe5679/nerolinux-4.0.0.0b-x86_64.deb
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~/myapp$ sudo dpkg -i nerolinux-4.0.0.0b-x86_64.deb

15. Install Skype
Skype is one of the best application and convenient way to Live chat with your friends and families. The installation steps shown below : 

elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ wget https://repo.skype.com/latest/skypeforlinux-64.deb
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get update
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo dpkg -i skypeforlinux-64.deb

16. Install Google Chrome Web Browser (Recommended)
By-Default Ubuntu 16.04 LTS comes with Mozilla Firefox which is a nice browser. But Google Chrome is one of the best browser and you will feel more comfortable in Internet surfing with this application. It’s not a recommended one but you should give it a try. After all it’s an Google product. The installation steps are shown below : 
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get install libnss3-1d libxss1 libgconf2-4 libappindicator1 libindicator7
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo dpkg -i google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
elinuxbook@ubuntu:~$ sudo apt-get -f install

These are my 16 recommended things to do after installing Ubuntu 16.04 LTS. We are waiting for your feed back on this. If there is some thing you would like to recommend to add on this list send us on comment box below.
If you found this article useful then Like us, Share this post on your preferred Social media, Subscribe our Newsletter OR if you have something to say then feel free to comment on the comment box below.

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